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Water & Environmental Engineering
FLOW-3D is a valuable CFD tool for developing design and implementation options over a wide range of issues facing hydraulics engineers, from large hydroelectric power projects to small municipal wastewater treatment systems. Simulation can play a crucial role for testing design options, helping to reduce complexity and focus efforts on optimized solutions. The valuable insights derived from numerically testing different design options can save considerable time and money.
FLOW-3D specializes in transient, free-surface flows making it the ideal tool for simulating fluid where the surface varies spatially and is either constant or varying in time by employing numerical algorithms.
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Modeling Spillways, Hydraulic Jumps and Structures
Free-surface flows are those with a distinct interface between fluids with a high degree of density variation such as water and air. Modeling free surface flows requires advanced algorithms combined with general flow equations and turbulence modeling. This capability enables FLOW-3D to capture the trajectory of flow from a spillway, hydraulic jumps and surface variations formed by flow about submerged structures.
Related links:
New York Power Authority (NYPA) Selects FLOW-3D to Study Flows at their Niagara Falls Facility
Watch on-demand webinars for the water & environmental industry
Read more in our water & environmental tech papers
Download the Hydraulics brochure
Download the FLOW-3D v10 Water & Environmental features list
Download the Tecsult case study
Download the Manitoba Hydro case study
CFD-101 – Explicit versus Implicit Methods
Numerical solution schemes are often referred to as being explicit or implicit. When a direct computation of the dependent variables can be made in terms of known quantities, the computation is said to be explicit. In contrast, when the dependent variables are defined by coupled sets of equations, and either a matrix or iterative technique is needed to obtain the solution, the numerical method is said to be implicit.
In computational fluid dynamics, the governing equations are nonlinear and the number of unknown variables is typically very large. Under these conditions implicitly formulated equations are almost always solved using iterative techniques. Read more in CFD-101 >