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Water & Environmental Engineering

hydropower example
Large hydropower projects can be
handled readily with
FLOW-3D

FLOW-3D is a very valuable tool for developing design and implementation options over a wide range of issues facing hydraulics engineers, from large hydroelectric power projects to small municipal wastewater treatment systems. Simulation can play a crucial role for testing design options, helping to reduce complexity and focus efforts on optimized solutions. The valuable insights derived from numerically testing different design options can save considerable time and money.

Read more in our Water and Environmental Engineering tech papers

Download the Hydraulics brochure pdf


CFD-101 – Explicit versus Implicit Methods

Numerical solution schemes are often referred to as being explicit or implicit. When a direct computation of the dependent variables can be made in terms of known quantities, the computation is said to be explicit. In contrast, when the dependent variables are defined by coupled sets of equations, and either a matrix or iterative technique is needed to obtain the solution, the numerical method is said to be implicit.

In computational fluid dynamics, the governing equations are nonlinear and the number of unknown variables is typically very large. Under these conditions implicitly formulated equations are almost always solved using iterative techniques. Read more >